Skip to Main Content
DOIs and URLs
https://doi.org/xxxxx
If the Digital Object Identifier, (DOI) is not listed, it might be found via a DOI locator.
If the DOI is longer than you prefer, try the DOI and URL shortner.
Basic rules and preferred link options for digital content:
If the source has a DOI, use the DOI.
If the source does not have a DOI, use the permalink.
If the source has neither a DOI or a permalink, use the URL.
View the APA Style Center's guidance on DOIs and URLs
APA 7th Business Reference Examples